A datasheet is a reference document for an integrated circuit chip (IC). The datasheet is produced by the manufacturer to assist the engineer in understanding the functionality, pin description, and electrical characteristics of the chip. A datasheet typically summarizes the functionality and pinout (pin name and location) on the first page and expands behavior, internal circuit, and electrical specifications on the remaining pages.

Every integrated circuit chip is identified in the industry by a unique part number. Engineering students slowly memorize the part numbers as they complete product designs in their undergraduate classes.

LOGIC FUNCTION	PART NUMBER
Quad 2-input Positive NAND gates	7400
Hex inverters (NOT gates)	7404
Quad 2-input Positive AND gates	7408
Quad 2-input Positive OR gates	7432
BCD-7SEG decoder	7447
Dual D flip-flops	7474
Quad 2-input XOR gates	7486
8-to-1 multiplexer (MUX81)	74151
Hex D flip-flops	74174
4-bit synchronous up/down counter	74191
4-bit shift register	74194
Octal transparent register with three-state	74373
Octal edge-triggered register with three-state	74374
RC controlled timer	LM555
16-KB electrically programmable read-only memory (EPROM)	27C128
32-KB static random access memory	62256
64KB static random access memory	62512

The EECS Technical Support Center (S-348) has many standard chips available for checkout and laboratory use. Note that zooming-in makes the chip PDF document easier to read!